African
American players were not welcome in professional baseball prior to the
beginning of the 20th Century due to racial prejudice and
discrimination. However, the “invisible
color line” that would keep them out of Major League baseball for nearly half
the new century was not completely drawn prior to 1890. Despite the adverse racial attitudes against
them, there were eight known African-American players on white teams at the
highest levels of organized professional baseball during the 1880’s; John W.
“Bud” Fowler, Moses Fleetwood Walker, Weldy Walker, Robert Higgins, Richard
Johnson, George Stovey, Sol White, and
Ulysses F. (Frank) Grant.
Born
on August 1, 1865 in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, Frank Grant was not only the
best of those eight but also one of the best baseball players of that era. At 5’7” and 155 pounds, he was more than just
a singles hitter with speed. He stroked doubles, triples, and even home runs during
baseball’s “dead ball” era when the center core of the ball was soft and did
not carry far when hit. An acrobatic
fielder with a strong throwing, Grant played mostly second base but when needed
also handled third base and shortstop.
After
the “invisible color line” became solidly entrenched, Grant played for the
Cuban Giants which many baseball historians believe was the first African
American professional baseball team. He
also played with the Philadelphia Giants one of the best black teams of the
early 20th Century.
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